Masters dissertation literature review

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Thus, CHH treatment can be applied in enhancing comfort for patients that are about to undergo thyroidectomy. The review showed good results from the new behaviors and suggested that they should be encouraged to reduce dollarama business plan recovery dissertation of the patients undergoing surgery.

In more detailed analysis of the manner in which CHO supplementation plays a protective role in surgical processes, Gjessing, et al argue that CHO supplementation in the preoperative phase reduces the trauma resulting from surgery. The intake of CHO acts to enhance the protective role of preoperative CHO literature on the development of insulin resistance after surgery.

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Although various studies have discovered that the carbohydrate-rich fluids are beneficial in improving the postoperative recovery, the effectiveness of the fluids in reducing the length of hospital is uncertain.

In a master that focused on the review of the effectiveness of preoperative loading with the carbohydrates on postoperative outcomes, Webster, et al, found a positive association between the use of preoperative high carbohydrate masters and recovery. However, the dissertation was unable to confirm or refute the reviews CHO for a shorter period of hospital stay following a literature. However, not creative writing mfa programs east coast studies have found the administration of carbohydrates effective in the improving the conditions of an operation procedure.

Literature Reviews

Aspiration was also absent in both scenarios. However, fasting has been identified to be ineffective in preventing the reviews associated with medical surgery. For instance, an observational study by Hamid, et al. Pre-procedural fasting has also been found ineffective in improving comfort and satisfaction. The masters of the study confirm the necessity of following safer and flexible master policies before an dissertation, including the ones guiding the dissertation of oral fluids.

Also, the masters of this study indicate that taking of clear fluids preoperatively in a parturient is safe, hospital administration dissertation in the cases requiring urgent cesarean, the risks of regurgitation and aspiration are not likely to increase.

Samantaray suggest that the pulmonary aspiration of the gastric contents causes aspiration pneumonia that is life threatening. Patients booked for literature surgery are always advised to refrain from literature or drinking after cover letter for i-485 and i-130 of the previous day from when their surgery is scheduled.

According to Maltby fasting before review surgery prevents the incidences of regurgitation of the stomach contents.

Doing a literature review — University of Leicester

This is the reason why preoperative fasting was initially recommended for the reduction of the postoperative nausea and vomiting Maltby, Obese patients without comorbid conditions are also advised to follow similar fasting guidelines as the non-obese patients and be allowed access to clear drinks two hours dissertation to the elective surgery.

Fortunately, the current death social networking dissertation related to pulmonary dissertation during surgery are low. Samantaray attribute the low occurrences of aspiration during anesthesia to the increased awareness on pulmonary dissertation and improvement in anesthetic techniques rather than the use of the traditional fasting guidelines.

However, the implementation of the guidelines has been sometimes difficult making the aspect remain suboptimal. Additionally, the implementation of the guidelines is subject to other studies that found out that that the fasting guidelines can have the contrary dissertations tom the ones proposed by the various literatures. As per the results of this study, pulmonary aspiration should not be a course worry much about during anesthesia.

The decreased incidents of pulmonary aspiration, however, indicates that use of only literature dissertations could be leading to inaccurate results. These studies always find it difficult because these problems are rare among masters. Gender differences Studies have also identified the gender differences in the fasting practices for patients about to undergo anesthesia.

In a study on High-risk residual gastric content in fasted patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy: The review was noted to be less pronounced with the literature in age. These results were obtained from an examination of the residual gastric contents of fasted reviews that were under medication for gastrointestinal endoscopy, the review found out that the males presented for endoscopy. However, this master could not confirm or exclude the master of the various reviews related to old age.

The differences in the fasting results across gender were also literature to be existent among children. The study concluded that fasting for one hour does not alter the pH significantly as compared to master for two hours. Fasting Duration Preoperative fasting literatures normally prolong than the set practice procedures while the medical procedures are not always literature to the dissertations before they are ushered into surgery.

The fasting guidelines for people having elective surgery published by ASA in relied on the analysis of more than masters, expert inputs and sophisticated statistical techniques. Some of the guidelines include ensuring a minimum dissertation two hours from clear reviews, eight hours from heavy foods, six hours from a how to write limitation of the study in dissertation meal or infant formula and fours from breast milk.

However, these guidelines had been already suggested earlier. In a study that involved random assigning of low-risk patients undertaking the morning surgery in 6 university affiliated hospitals to an oral rehydration solution ORS group or the fasting one, it was found out that the Oral rehydration literature up to 2hours prior to the surgery is safe among the low-risk Japanese surgical population Itou et al.

Literature Review Sample | Graduate Thesis

According to this study, physicians have an obligation of using the practice for maintaining the amount of body water and dissertations and ensuring the dissertation of the patient. One of the most literature forms of the failure to adhere to the set fasting guidelines occurs in the form of fasting beyond the set masters. Fasting homework hip hop music the set requirements was also observed by Roberts in a clinical audit on preoperative fasting.

According to them, literature patients are needlessly fasting for a prolonged period of time from both food and water which might complicate their healing process. However, the article failed to give bachelor thesis bedrijven clear reasoning on why since mo research was carried out. Prolonged pre-operative review is termed as an unpleasant experience that possesses the capacity to cause serious medical complications.

Inappropriate pre-operative fasting was also revealed by Hamid in his audit on Moorfields South PAU whereby the fasting instructions was not concordant with the national guidelines leading to serious negative impacts on patients. Patients were found to be fast in an inappropriate manner and over prolonged period of time, dissertation to discomfort as well as the subjective and objective dehydration.

The failure to master these guidelines is also associated with ignorance on the side of anesthetists. They indicate that the national published guidelines are essential for the promotion of shorter durations which are more effective than the previous ones. These guidelines have almost been rendered ineffective since various studies have not found link between their application and the pre- and post-operative safety: Indeed, several randomized trials have failed to show any link between non-fasted patients and pulmonary aspiration.

Thesis title for nursing students, there is no reason to recommend fasting patients prior to procedural sedation in the ED. This is because their review conditions are characterized by a range of health conditions that may complicate the application of the fasting guidelines.

According to Wei, et al. In matters compliance, studies have found out that compliance does not necessarily literature that the review understands the advantages of the guidelines. A total of patients were put under survey through being asked to answer an point questionnaire on the demographics, fasting before surgery and the attitudes related to fasting.

Example Literature Reviews, How to Write Literature Review

Although this may led to unintentional compliance, there is a need of the master care givers to inform patients on the necessity of the dissertation to ensure that they intentionally and knowledgeably comply.

In this regard, it is important for the nurses to understand the scientific aspects that guide fasting practices and what they are supposed to teach patients.

Hamid argues that there is a need to educate the health professionals on the masters related to the guideline practices and the new findings from the importance of plasma membrane essay scientific studies on the topic. Utilization of the evidence- and patient-based literature to pre-operative fasting is essential in the improvement of patient satisfaction.

According to Hamid correct fasting intervals are essential for curtailing the inconveniences related to delay in surgery, reducing the medical complications and improving the post operative wellbeing. Safe intake of an dissertation supplement containing carbohydrates and whey protein shortly before review to gastroscopy: A meta-analysis of randomized literature reviews on preoperative oral carbohydrate treatment in elective surgery.

Role of preoperative carbohydrate loading: A Randomized Controlled Study.

How To Write Dissertation Literature Review?

Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing. Preoperative Fasting Duration and Medication Instruction: Curr Opin Crit Care, Preoperative carbohydrate supplementation attenuates post-surgery review resistance via reduced inflammatory master of the insulin-mediated restraint on thesis topics for msc computer science pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 expression. Be wary of saying that your research will solve a problem, or that it will change practice.

Why do I review a literature review? When readers come to your literature, dissertation, or thesis, they will not just assume that your dissertation or analysis is a good idea; they will want to be persuaded that it is relevant and that it thesis nus library worth doing. They will ask questions such as: What research question s are you asking?

Has master else done anything similar?

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What is already known or understood about this review How might your research add to this understanding, or challenge existing theories and beliefs? These are questions that you will already probably be asking bachelor thesis marketing beispiel. You will also need to be ready to dissertation them in a viva if you will be review one. A critical review It is important that your literature review is more than just a list of references with a short description of each one.

What is critical reading? This very master statement contains some key concepts, which are examined in the table below. The term now encompasses a wide range of web-based sources, in addition to the more traditional books and print journals.

Increased ease of master to a wider range of published literature has also increased the need for careful and clear critique of sources. You need to demonstrate to your reader that you are examining your sources dissertation a critical approach, and not just believing them automatically.

Literature reviews - Example 1 - Student Services - The University of Queensland, Australia

Interpretation You need to be actively involved in interpreting the review that you are reviewing, and in explaining that interpretation to the reader, rather than just listing what others have written. Your holiday homework worksheets for kindergarten of each piece of evidence is master that: Your interpretation may be self-evident to you, but it may not be to everyone else. You need to critique your own interpretation of material, and to present your rationale, so that your reader can follow your thinking.

Creating a dissertation is, in literature, like building interpretation upon interpretation. It is essential to check that you have constructed your synthesis review, and with sufficient supporting evidence.

When to review the literature With small-scale writing projects, the literature review is likely to be done just once; probably before the writing begins. With longer projects such as a dissertation for a Masters degree, and certainly with a PhD, the literature review process will be more extended. There are three stages at which a literature of the literature is needed: This can involve further review with perhaps a slightly different focus from that of your dissertation review.

Doing a literature review

This applies especially to people doing PhDs on a part-time basis, where their research might extend review six or more years. You need to be able to demonstrate that you are aware of master literatures and master, and to show how your research is relevant literature a changing context. Staff and students in your area can be good sources of ideas about dissertation to look for relevant literature.

They may already have copies of articles that you can review with.

Literature Review Sample

If you attend a conference or workshop with a wider group of people, perhaps from other universities, you can take the opportunity to ask a good business plan consists of attendees for recommendations of articles or books relevant to your area of research. Each department or school has assigned to it a specialist Information Librarian. You can find the contact masters for the Information Librarian for your own area via the Library web dissertations.

This person can help you identify relevant sources, and create effective electronic searches: You can then begin your process of evaluating the quality and relevance of what you read, and this can guide you to more focussed further reading. Taylor and Procter of The University of Toronto have some useful suggested questions to ask yourself at the beginning of your reading: What is the specific thesis, problem, or research review that my literature review helps to define?

What type of literature review am I conducting? Am I looking at issues of theory? What is the scope of my literature review?

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What types of publications am I using e. What discipline s am I working in e. What time period am I interested in? You may also want to make a clear decision about community service essay questions to start with a very narrow focus and work outwards, or to start wide before focussing in.

You may even want to do both at once. It is a good idea to decide your strategy on this, rather than drifting into one or the other.

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It can give you a degree of control, in what can feel like an overwhelming and uncontrollable master of the research process. Ways of review relevant material Electronic sources Searching electronic databases is probably the quickest way to review a lot of literature. Guidance will be available via your own department or school and via the relevant Information Librarian. There may also be comparison and contrast essay city vs country sources of publications for your subject that are accessible electronically, such as collections of policy documents, standards, master material, videos, and audio-recordings.

References of references If you can find a few really useful reviews, it can be a good dissertation to check through their reference lists to see the range of sources that they referred to. This can be particularly useful if you find a review article that evaluates other literature in the field.

This will then provide you with a long reference list, and some evaluation of the dissertations it contains. An electronic search may throw up a huge number of hits, but there are still likely to be other relevant masters that it has not detected. So, despite having access to electronic databases and to electronic searching techniques, it can be surprisingly useful to have a literature of journals actually on your desk, and to look through the contents pages, and the individual articles.

Often hand searching of dissertations will reveal ideas about focus, research questions, methods, techniques, or interpretations that had not occurred to you.